Hadith Criticism in the Levant in the Twentieth Century: From ẓāhir al-isnād to ʿilal al-ḥadīth
Hadith Criticism in the Levant in the Twentieth Century: From ẓāhir al-isnād to ʿilal al-ḥadīth
Ahmad Snober identifies two approaches that have dominated recent hadith scholarship in the Levant. The first, identified especially with the Salafi Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Albānī (d. 1999), concentrates on ẓāhir al-isnād, especially the reputation for reliability of individual transmitters. In recent decades, other Syrian and Lebanese scholars, led by Ḥamzah al-Mallībārī, have developed a more supple approach to hadith criticism, stressing qarāʾin, comparison of individual hadith reports, and ʿilal, subtle defects of individual reports. Unlike earlier approaches, it does not rely on late-medieval syntheses and simplistic characterizations of individual traditionists. It has increasingly prevailed among Syrian, Lebanese, and Jordanian scholars.
Keywords: hadith, Salafism, al-Albānī, Ḥamzah al-Mallībārī, ẓāhir al-isnād, qarāʾin
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