From Mecca to Cairo: Changing Influences on Fatwas in Southeast Asia
From Mecca to Cairo: Changing Influences on Fatwas in Southeast Asia
This chapter demonstrates how exposure to al Azhar led over time to the complete transformation of the methodology adopted by independent ulama and state religious platforms to issue fatwas in Southeast Asia. It examines the mainstreaming of Salafi methodology — inspired by the work of Muhammad Abduh — in place of the taqlīd of the traditional Shafi'i School in Southeast Asia for the issuing of fatwas. A number of factors, including the establishment of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, led to a shift to al Azhar as opposed to Mecca being the base for Southeast Asian Muslim scholars. By comparing Southeast Asia fatwas of the early twentieth century against those issued in the 1970s, the chapter shows how the transition from Mecca to Cairo led to the mainstreaming of Salafi methodology.
Keywords: al Azhar, fatwas, Southeast Asia, Salafi methodology, Muhammad Abduh, Saudi Arabia, Mecca, Southeast Asian Muslim scholars
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