Pluralism and Liberalism in Contemporary Islamic Thought
Pluralism and Liberalism in Contemporary Islamic Thought
This chapter discusses pluralism and liberalism in contemporary Islamic thought. The first section discusses the relationship between Islam and pluralism. The inception of cultural debates over liberalism and pluralism in the Arab world began in the 1960s. However, prior to that, debates over the issue of modernization and the relationship with the rest of the world were conducted in terms of secularism or secularism vis-à-vis Islam. This was unfortunate because this secularism associated with modernization was seen as the French version characterized by uncompromising separation between the state and religion. For Muslim thinkers, it is primarily due to this factor that debates on liberalism and Islam contain a great deal of negative residue from debates on secularism and Islam. The second section discusses the issue of political authority following the collapse of the Ottoman caliphate and the emergence of nation-states. The third section discusses citizenship and relationships with non-Muslims. The chapter concludes by discussing cultural and political pluralism.
Keywords: pluralism, liberalism, Islamic thought, pluralism, political authority, nation-states, citizenship, political pluralism
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