Tynedale: Power, Society and Identities, c. 1200–1296
Tynedale: Power, Society and Identities, c. 1200–1296
Tynedale has good claims to be regarded as one of the greatest liberties in the medieval British Isles, and it was certainly the largest and most privileged secular ‘franchise’ in the far North of England. Its position as a liberty on the regional power-map was indeed second only to that of Durham; but its history is much less well known. This chapter attempts to put the liberty more firmly on the historical map of ‘Middle Britain’ in the thirteenth century, for most of which period Tynedale was held by William I (‘the Lion’) and his successors Alexander II (1214–49) and Alexander III (1249–86). It focuses on the liberty's fortunes under these Scots kings, though the concluding section takes matters down to the outbreak of the Wars of Independence in 1296. Before that happened, Tynedale was long a land of peace.
Keywords: liberty, medieval British Isles, Middle Britain, William I, Alexander II, Alexander III, Wars of Independence
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